Reconstrucción de cuarenta años de datos de oleaje en el mar Caribe colombiano empleando el modelo WWIII™ y diferentes fuentes de datos
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Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas - CIOH
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Este trabajo describe una primera aproximación al clima de oleaje, dentro del proyecto llamado Interacción entre los procesos Atmósfera-Océano- Tierra en el Caribe colombiano. El principal objetivo es mejorar la información de nivel del mar y climatología del oleaje en las aguas del Caribe colombiano. Para esto 40 años de vientos del proyecto global Reanalysis 1 (resolución de 1.8º x 1.905º y cuatro datos diarios) del National Center for Environmental Prediction y el National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) son empleados como forzamiento del modelo de oleaje WaveWatchIII™ para reproducir series de tiempo de Altura de ola significante (Hs) y Período (T). Para mejorar la calidad de los resultados obtenidos con el modelo numérico, éstos han sido corregidos empleando datos de diferentes fuentes de información. Los datos disponibles incluyen vientos y oleaje obtenidos de las boyas 41018 y 42058 de la NOAA, información de satélite obtenida a partir de los proyectos TOPEX/POSEIDON y JASON 1 y datos visuales de barcos en ruta. Apartir de esta información se han estudiado las principales características del clima de oleaje para aguas profundas y costeras del Caribe colombiano. Los resultados muestran como el ciclo anual del oleaje presenta un comportamiento bimodal asociado con el comportamiento de los vientos alisios del noreste presentando dos períodos de vientos y oleaje intensos (bajas precipitaciones) y dos períodos de vientos y oleajes débiles (altas precipitaciones). La distribución espacial del oleaje muestra una zona central en el Caribe con mayores valores de altura de ola significante (Hs) asociados al denominado chorro de San Andrés y una zona costera ubicada entre Cartagena y Santa Marta. Los resultados obtenidos son coherentes con pocos trabajos presentados por otros autores quienes obtienen alturas de olas significante del orden de 2.5 metros en la época seca en la región de Bocas de Ceniza en Barranquilla.
This paper describes the first approach to wave climatology, in the project called Interaction between the Atmosphere-Ocean-Land Processes in the Colombian Caribbean Sea. The main objective is to improve the data of sea level and wave climatology for the Colombian Caribbean waters. To do this, the 40-year global atmospheric Reanalysis 1 (resolution of 1.8º x 1.905º and 4 times daily) carried out by the National Center for Environmental Prediction and The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP NCAR) Centers has been used to force the WaveWatchIII™ model to produce time series of significance wave height (Hs) and Period (T). The hindcast values have been corrected with information from different sources to achieve more accuracy of the data. The available data, including wind, wave and sea-level data, instrumental data from buoys (NOAA: 41018 and 42058, among others) in the Caribbean region, satellite data extracted from TOPEX/POSEIDON and Jason 1, and visual wave data provided by ships of opportunity. Statistical analysis of the produced wave hindcast was performed in order to provide information about the climatological trends in the Caribbean Sea and coastal areas. The results show how the annual cycle of the wave presents a bimodal behavior associated with the behavior of northeast trade winds showing two periods of strong winds and waves (low precipitations) and two periods of weak winds and waves (high rainfall). The spatial distribution of the waves shows a central area in the Caribbean with the higher values of significant wave height (Hs) associated with the so-called San Andrés Low - level jet and a coastal area located between Cartagena and Santa Marta. These results are consistent with a few papers presented by other authors who obtained significant wave heights of about 2.5 meters for dry season in the region of Bocas de Ceniza in Barranquilla.
This paper describes the first approach to wave climatology, in the project called Interaction between the Atmosphere-Ocean-Land Processes in the Colombian Caribbean Sea. The main objective is to improve the data of sea level and wave climatology for the Colombian Caribbean waters. To do this, the 40-year global atmospheric Reanalysis 1 (resolution of 1.8º x 1.905º and 4 times daily) carried out by the National Center for Environmental Prediction and The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP NCAR) Centers has been used to force the WaveWatchIII™ model to produce time series of significance wave height (Hs) and Period (T). The hindcast values have been corrected with information from different sources to achieve more accuracy of the data. The available data, including wind, wave and sea-level data, instrumental data from buoys (NOAA: 41018 and 42058, among others) in the Caribbean region, satellite data extracted from TOPEX/POSEIDON and Jason 1, and visual wave data provided by ships of opportunity. Statistical analysis of the produced wave hindcast was performed in order to provide information about the climatological trends in the Caribbean Sea and coastal areas. The results show how the annual cycle of the wave presents a bimodal behavior associated with the behavior of northeast trade winds showing two periods of strong winds and waves (low precipitations) and two periods of weak winds and waves (high rainfall). The spatial distribution of the waves shows a central area in the Caribbean with the higher values of significant wave height (Hs) associated with the so-called San Andrés Low - level jet and a coastal area located between Cartagena and Santa Marta. These results are consistent with a few papers presented by other authors who obtained significant wave heights of about 2.5 meters for dry season in the region of Bocas de Ceniza in Barranquilla.
Palabras clave
Reanálisis de oleaje, Datos de oleaje, Modelación numérica, Modelos de oleaje de viento, Wave hindcast, Wave data, Numerical modeling, Wind wave models
Citación
Osorio, A. F., Mesa, J. C., Bernal, G. R., & Montoya, R. D. (2009). Reconstrucción de cuarenta años de datos de oleaje en el mar Caribe colombiano empleando el modelo WWIII™ y diferentes fuentes de datos. Boletín Científico CIOH, 27, 37-56.