Analysis of Pollutant Accumulation in the Invasive Bivalve Perna viridis: Current Status in the Colombian Caribbean 2020–2023

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dc.contributor.affiliationUcros-Rodríguez S., Semillero de Investigación SINBIOMA, Grupo de investigación GIBEAM, Programa de Biología Marina, Universidad del Sinú Seccional Cartagena, Av. El Bosque Trans, 54 N° 30-453 Santillana, Cartagena de Indias 130014, Colombia
dc.contributor.affiliationAraque-Romany F., Semillero de Investigación SINBIOMA, Grupo de investigación GIBEAM, Programa de Biología Marina, Universidad del Sinú Seccional Cartagena, Av. El Bosque Trans, 54 N° 30-453 Santillana, Cartagena de Indias 130014, Colombia
dc.contributor.affiliationMontero-Mendoza L., Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, San Pablo University Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
dc.contributor.affiliationSarmiento-Nater V.C., Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, San Pablo University Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
dc.contributor.affiliationCalvo-Carrillo O.M., Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, San Pablo University Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
dc.contributor.affiliationJohnson-Restrepo B., Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, San Pablo University Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
dc.contributor.affiliationGallego J.L., Biodiversity, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Research Group GRINBIO, Department of Engineering, University of Medellin, St 87 N° 30-65, Medellín, 050026, Colombia
dc.contributor.affiliationRomero-Murillo P., Grupo de Investigación GIBEAM, Programa de Biología Marina, Universidad del Sinú Seccional Cartagena, Av. El Bosque Trans, 54 N° 30-453 Santillana, Cartagena de Indias 130014, Colombia
dc.contributor.authorUcros-Rodríguez S.
dc.contributor.authorAraque-Romany F.
dc.contributor.authorMontero-Mendoza L.
dc.contributor.authorSarmiento-Nater V.C.
dc.contributor.authorCalvo-Carrillo O.M.
dc.contributor.authorJohnson-Restrepo B.
dc.contributor.authorGallego J.L.
dc.contributor.authorRomero-Murillo P.
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-08T14:23:22Z
dc.date.available2025-09-08T14:23:22Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionThe Colombian Caribbean faces environmental challenges due to urbanization, industrialization, and maritime activities, which introduce pollutants such as heavy metals, hydrocarbons, and microplastics into aquatic ecosystems. Perna viridis (Asian green mussel), an invasive species that has been established in Cartagena Bay since 2009, exhibits potential bioaccumulation capacity, making it a promising biomonitor. This study assessed the concentrations of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and selenium (Se) in P. viridis across two key sites—a port area at the Cartagena Bay (CB) and Virgen marsh (VM) in Colombia—from 2020 to 2023. Seasonal variations driven by La Niña and El Niño phenomena significantly influenced metal concentrations, with transitional periods modulating pollutant accumulation. The levels of trace metals in soft tissue of P. viridis (dry weight) ranged from 0.0003 to 0.0039 µg/g (Cd), 0.04 to 0.21 µg/g (Hg), 0.05 to 1.18 µg/g (Pb), and 0.0029 to 0.0103 µg/g (Se). In suspended particulate matter (SPM), Cd ranged from 0.07 to 0.33 µg/g; Pb ranged from 4.94 to 25.66 µg/g; and Hg ranged from 0.18 to 1.20 µg/g. Results revealed differences in metal concentrations between sites and seasons, highlighting the role of environmental and anthropogenic factors in pollutant distribution. The findings confirm P. viridis as an effective biomonitor of complex pollution scenarios in Cartagena Bay. However, its invasive status highlights ecological risks to be addressed, such as interaction with native bivalves and benthic community structures. These results emphasize the need for ongoing monitoring efforts to mitigate pollution and preserve marine biodiversity in the Colombian Caribbean. © 2025 by the authors.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/toxics13020077
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad de Medellínspa
dc.identifier.issn23056304
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Medellínspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.udem.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11407/9053
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingenieríasspa
dc.publisher.programIngeniería Ambientalspa
dc.relation.citationissue2
dc.relation.citationvolume13
dc.relation.isversionofhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85218875361&doi=10.3390%2ftoxics13020077&partnerID=40&md5=754c46ecd78e6328ec7df2d02b45b325
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dc.rights.accesoAll Open Access
dc.rights.accesoGold Open Access
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.sourceToxics
dc.sourceToxics
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectBioaccumulation
dc.subjectBiomonitoring
dc.subjectInvasive
dc.subjectMarine pollution
dc.subjectTrace metals
dc.titleAnalysis of Pollutant Accumulation in the Invasive Bivalve Perna viridis: Current Status in the Colombian Caribbean 2020–2023
dc.typeArticle
dc.type.localArtículospa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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