Modeling and Optimization of a Chemical Looping Process for Green Hydrogen Production Using Biogas
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Vanegas-Trujillo, E.
Arrieta, C.E.
Cacua, K.
Herrera, B.
Alvarado-Torres, P.N.
Luna-Delrisco, M.
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Biogas, sourced from livestock waste, wastewater treatment plants, and municipal solid waste, offers a promising feedstock for hydrogen production through chemical looping processes. This study focuses on optimizing a Chemical Looping Reforming system for hydrogen production, using different biogas compositions and enhancing efficiency in the Aspen Plus (software). The goal is to maximize hydrogen production while minimizing CO₂ emissions. A sensitivity analysis evaluated the impact of variables such as biogas composition, temperature, water flow, and oxygen carrier quantity. Results show that higher CH₄ fractions in biogas are more favorable for hydrogen production, with an optimal CH₄/CO₂ ratio of 70/30%. The highest H<inf>2</inf> production was achieved at a reactor temperature of 600 °C, with flows of H<inf>2</inf>O, CaO, and NiO set at 4 mol/h, 1.55 mol/h, and 1 mol/h per 1.602 mol/h of biogas feed. The optimized model produced 3.434 mol/h of H₂, with 99.2% CH<inf>4</inf> conversion and 98.5% H<inf>2</inf> purity. Implementing this model at full scale, such as at the Aguas Claras treatment plant (Medellin, Colombia), shows the potential for H<inf>2</inf> production, with an estimated output of 1367 tonnes H₂ year⁻1. Beyond technical optimization, a preliminary techno-economic analysis was conducted, estimating a levelized cost of hydrogen of $2.99/kg and identifying a minimum hydrogen selling price of $4.75/kg for economic viability. These results demonstrate that biogas-fed CLR systems are technically feasible and approach commercial competitiveness at scale, particularly when low-cost feedstock and economies of scale are secured. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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Biogas, Chemical looping reforming, Hydrogen, Livestock, Municipal solid waste, Wastewater, Agriculture, Computer software, Cost benefit analysis, Economic analysis, Feedstocks, Hydrogen production, Nickel oxide, Reforming reactions, Sensitivity analysis, Wastewater treatment, Aspen Plus software, Biogas composition, Chemical-looping process, Chemical-looping reforming, H 2 production, Livestock wastes, Modeling and optimization, Reforming systems, Sensitivity analyzes, Waste water treatment plants, Biogas, Municipal solid waste