Análisis de los aspectos técnicos - legales - ambientales del cierre minero para títulos mineros en Colombia

Abstract

Mining projects are formed through the stages of exploration, construction and assembly and operation, within the latter should contemplate the issue of closure and abandonment, and a program of post-closure monitoring in order to adequately manage environmental impacts and liabilities generated during and after the mining development. Several countries in the world have adapted their regulations to the mining activity; Colombia is no stranger to this trend, its Constitution, laws, decree-laws, decrees and resolutions constitute regulations that take into account the mining and environmental aspects, specifically involve issues related to mine closure. This paper presents the results of the monograph "ANALYSIS OF THE ASPECTS TECHNICAL – LEGAL – ENVIRONMENTAL MINING CLOSURE FOR MINING TITLES IN COLOMBIA". This requires a review of environmental and mining legislation in Colombia was made, and the RPP 434 mining record which is in the process of closure eased by Corantioquia, environmental mining Guide, terms of reference, and the compilation of bibliographic information from various universities such as books, journals, thesis, plus information and statistics on illegal mining and mining in state Closure and Abandonment Mining was sought through petition rights to entities such as the National Mining Agency, Ministry of Mines and Energy, the Secretary of Mines of the Government of Antioquia and Ministry of Environment. This process little response from the entities, some of them manifested by trades that required information is the responsibility of others was obtained. Keep in mind that companies are legally constituted as is the case of EPM holder of Private Property Recognition RPP 434, make every effort both professionally and economically to meet the commitments of the title above with the authorities both mining and environmental; however, the illegal mining in the area does not allow that the obligations are met with complete success. For the mining authority to the environmental authority it is difficult to monitor illegal mining and therefore enforce the obligations charged the mining and environmental legislation, since this type of mining is not governed by any regulations. Environmental mining guides and terms of reference serve to provide guidance to mine owners and the competent authorities in the aspects that must be followed for a good mine development, however in Colombia although there Guide Environmental Mining Exploration and Exploitation, phase Mining Closure and Abandonment is not as important where required deepen the ¿how? you must run the activities of the Plan of closure and abandonment of mines.